Explications en anglais simple pour chaque terme technique que tu rencontres en comparant des produits.
What is Refresh Rate?
Refresh rate is the number of times per second a display updates its image, measured in Hertz (Hz). A higher refresh rate produces smoother motion on screen.
What is Display Resolution?
Display resolution is the total number of pixels on a screen, expressed as width by height (for example 1920 by 1080). Higher resolution means a sharper and more detailed image.
What is OLED?
OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) is a display technology where each pixel emits its own light, enabling perfect blacks, infinite contrast, and vivid colors compared to backlit LCD panels.
What is AMOLED?
AMOLED (Active-Matrix OLED) is Samsung's implementation of OLED display technology with a thin-film transistor array for faster pixel response and lower power consumption.
What is Mini-LED?
Mini-LED is an LCD backlight technology using thousands of tiny LEDs grouped into hundreds of dimming zones, enabling higher peak brightness and better contrast than traditional LCDs.
What is QLED?
QLED (Quantum-dot LED) is an LCD technology using a quantum-dot color filter for wider color gamut and higher brightness than traditional LCD panels.
What is HDR?
HDR (High Dynamic Range) is a display standard that expands the contrast and color range, showing brighter highlights, deeper shadows, and more colors simultaneously than SDR.
What is Peak Brightness (Nits)?
Peak brightness is the maximum luminance a display can output, measured in nits (cd/m²). Higher peak brightness improves HDR impact and outdoor visibility.
What is Display Resolution?
Display resolution is the number of pixels in width × height. Higher resolutions show sharper images but require more processing power and storage for content.
What is Pixel Density (PPI)?
Pixel density (Pixels Per Inch, or PPI) measures how tightly packed pixels are on a screen. Higher PPI produces sharper text and images at close viewing distances.
What is Response Time?
Response time is how fast a pixel can change color, measured in milliseconds. Lower response times reduce motion blur and ghosting in fast-paced video and gaming.
What is Color Gamut?
Color gamut is the range of colors a display can reproduce. Wider gamuts can show more saturated colors, important for photo editing, video work, and HDR content.
What is IP68 Rating?
IP68 is a dust and water resistance rating meaning a device is fully dust-tight and can be submerged in water up to 1.5 meters for 30 minutes under standard test conditions.
What is Gorilla Glass?
Gorilla Glass is Corning's line of chemically-strengthened glass widely used on smartphones and tablets. Each generation improves drop resistance and scratch hardness.
Titanium vs Aluminum Frame
Phone frame material affects durability, weight, and feel. Aluminum is lighter and softer; titanium is stronger, more scratch-resistant, but heavier and pricier.
What is Active Noise Cancellation (ANC)?
Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) uses built-in microphones to detect ambient sound and generates an opposing sound wave to cancel it out, reducing background noise reaching your ears.
What is a Bluetooth Audio Codec?
A Bluetooth audio codec is the algorithm used to compress and transmit audio wirelessly. Higher-quality codecs like LDAC and aptX HD enable near-lossless sound over Bluetooth.
What is LDAC?
LDAC is Sony's wireless audio codec that transmits up to 990 kbps over Bluetooth, three times the standard SBC rate, enabling near-Hi-Res audio quality on supported devices.
What is aptX (and aptX HD/Adaptive)?
aptX is Qualcomm's low-latency Bluetooth audio codec family. aptX Adaptive (2018) delivers up to 420 kbps with dynamic adjustment based on RF interference; aptX Lossless (2021) offers true CD-quality.
Bluetooth Audio Codec Quality Compared
Bluetooth audio codecs determine how much audio data fits over the wireless link. From worst to best: SBC < AAC < aptX < aptX HD < LDAC < aptX Lossless.
What is Hi-Res Audio?
Hi-Res Audio refers to digital audio files with sample rates higher than CD-quality (above 44.1 kHz/16-bit), typically 96 kHz/24-bit or 192 kHz/24-bit, capturing more nuance.
What is a Driver in Headphones?
A driver is the speaker inside a headphone or earbud that converts electrical signals to sound waves. Larger drivers can move more air, generally producing fuller bass.
What is Frequency Response?
Frequency response is the range of audio frequencies (in Hz) a headphone or speaker can reproduce, typically given as a low-to-high range like 20Hz – 20kHz with a tolerance.
What is THD (Total Harmonic Distortion)?
THD measures how much an audio device adds unwanted harmonic content to a pure signal. Lower THD means cleaner sound. Audiophile gear typically targets <0.1%.
What is Battery Capacity (mAh)?
Battery capacity in milliampere-hours (mAh) measures how much electrical charge a battery holds. A higher mAh rating generally means longer battery life, though real-world endurance depends on many factors.
What is Charging Speed (Watts)?
Charging speed in watts (W) indicates how fast a charger delivers power to a battery. Higher wattage means shorter charging times.
What is Wireless Charging (Qi / MagSafe)?
Wireless charging uses electromagnetic induction to transfer power without a cable. Qi is the open standard (5–15W typical); Apple's MagSafe is a magnetic Qi extension (15W).
What is a Battery Cycle?
A battery cycle is one full discharge equivalent (e.g., 50% drain twice = 1 cycle). Lithium-ion batteries typically last 500–1000 cycles before capacity drops below 80%.
What is RAM?
RAM (Random Access Memory) is short-term working memory that stores actively running apps and data. More RAM allows more apps to run simultaneously without slowdowns or reloads.
What is a Chipset (SoC)?
A chipset (System on Chip) integrates the CPU, GPU, modem, image processor, and AI accelerator on a single die. The chipset largely determines a smartphone's performance class.
What is a Benchmark Score?
A benchmark score is a numeric performance rating from a standardized test suite (Geekbench, AnTuTu, 3DMark) that allows direct comparison across devices.
What is Thermal Throttling?
Thermal throttling is when a chip reduces its clock speed to prevent overheating. Devices with poor cooling can lose 20–40% of peak performance under sustained load.
RAM vs Storage: What's the Difference?
RAM (Random Access Memory) is fast, volatile memory used for active apps. Storage (SSD/UFS/eMMC) is slower, persistent memory for files. More RAM = more apps in memory; more storage = more files saved.
What is an NVMe SSD?
NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) is a high-speed protocol for SSDs that connects directly to the CPU via PCIe lanes, achieving 10–20× the speed of older SATA SSDs.
What is UFS Storage?
UFS (Universal Flash Storage) is the high-speed flash standard used in modern smartphones and tablets. UFS 4.0 reaches sequential read speeds of 4200 MB/s.
What is a Neural Engine / NPU?
A Neural Engine (or NPU, Neural Processing Unit) is a dedicated chip section optimized for AI/ML tasks. It accelerates on-device features like photo enhancement, voice assistants, and AI text generation.
What is a CPU (Processor)?
A CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the primary chip that executes instructions in a computer. It handles all general-purpose computing tasks — from running the operating system to executing applications.
What is Camera Sensor Size?
Sensor size is the physical dimensions of the imaging chip. Larger sensors gather more light, producing better low-light images, shallower depth of field, and more dynamic range.
What is Aperture (f-stop)?
Aperture is the size of the lens opening that lets light through. Smaller f-numbers (f/1.8) mean larger openings, more light, and shallower depth of field.
What is OIS (Optical Image Stabilization)?
OIS uses a movable lens or sensor to physically counter hand shake, sharpening photos and videos. Critical for low-light photography and zoomed video.
What is Pixel Binning?
Pixel binning combines multiple small sensor pixels into one larger virtual pixel, improving low-light performance at the cost of resolution. A 48 MP sensor often outputs 12 MP photos by 4-in-1 binning.
What is Computational Photography?
Computational photography uses software (multi-frame fusion, AI, depth estimation) to enhance image quality beyond what the lens and sensor alone can capture.
What is Wi-Fi 7?
Wi-Fi 7 (802.11be) is the latest Wi-Fi standard, supporting up to 46 Gbps theoretical speed via 320 MHz channel width, 4096-QAM modulation, and Multi-Link Operation across bands.
What is Wi-Fi 6 / 6E?
Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) is the prior generation Wi-Fi, with up to 9.6 Gbps theoretical and OFDMA for efficient multi-device handling. Wi-Fi 6E added the 6 GHz band for less interference.
Bluetooth Versions Compared
Bluetooth versions: BT 4.2 (legacy IoT), BT 5.0 (4× range, 2× speed), BT 5.2 (LE Audio, Auracast), BT 5.3 (improved efficiency), BT 5.4 (range, security).
USB-C vs Thunderbolt
USB-C is the physical connector. Thunderbolt is a high-speed protocol that runs over USB-C. Thunderbolt 4/5 supports 40/80 Gbps; USB 3.2 supports 5/10/20 Gbps; USB4 supports up to 40 Gbps.
What is 5G (Sub-6 vs mmWave)?
5G is the fifth-generation cellular network. Sub-6 GHz 5G covers wide areas with moderate speeds. mmWave (24+ GHz) offers gigabit speeds but only in dense urban hotspots.